Parents hurled their bodies over their children people jumped into ventilation shafts to save themselves and shoppers huddled behind the plastic mannequins of designer clothing stores as two squads of gunmen believed to be linked to a Somali terrorist group moved through the mall shooting shoppers in the head. Hours later the mall s gleaming floors were smeared with blood as police officers dashed through the corpse strewn corridors trying to find the assailants.
A standoff with the attackers who were reported to be heavily armed and holding an unknown number of hostages continued as the sun rose on Sunday.
The mall called Westgate is a symbol of Kenya s rising prosperity an impressive five story building where Kenyans can buy expensive cups of frozen yogurt and plates of sushi. On Saturdays it is especially crowded and American officials have long warned that Nairobi s malls were ripe targets for terrorists especially Westgate because a cafe on the ground floor right off the street is owned by Israelis.
Fred Ngoga Gateretse an official with the African Union was having coffee at that cafe around noon when he heard two deafening blasts. He cowered on the floor and watched eight gunmen with scarves twisted over their faces firing at shoppers and then up at Kenyan police officers who were shooting down from a balcony as panicked shoppers dashed for cover. Believe me these guys were good shooters Mr. Gateretse said. You could tell they were trained.
Several witnesses said the attackers had shouted for Muslims to run away while they picked off other shoppers executing them one by one. The mall one of Nairobi s most luxurious with glass elevators and some of the most expensive shops in town is also popular with expatriates. It has served as the place for a power lunch to catch a movie to bring children for ice cream.
Four Americans were believed to have been injured in the attack American officials said and none were reported killed. Secretary of State John Kerry who called the attack a heartbreaking reminder that there exists unspeakable evil in our world said the wife of a local employee of the American government was among the dead. Two Canadians one of them a diplomat based in Nairobi and two French citizens were killed their governments said.
A confidential United Nations security report on Saturday described the attack as a complex two pronged assault with two squads of gunmen dashing into the mall from different floors at the same time and opening fire.
The Shabab an Islamist militant group based in Somalia took responsibility for the attack saying it was revenge for Kenya s military operations in Somalia which began nearly two years ago. Kenya will not get peace unless they pull their military out of Somalia said Ali Mohamoud Rage the Shabab s spokesman in a radio address. The Shabab also sent out a barrage of buoyant Twitter messages bragging about the prowess of their fighters before Twitter abruptly suspended the account late Saturday. Later a new one was set up.
Kenya s president Uhuru Kenyatta called the terrorists cowards and said Kenya would remain as brave and invincible as the lions on our coat of arms. He also sounded a somber note pleading with Kenyans to give blood and said he had lost very close family members in this attack though he did not specify further.
In addition to the 39 people killed who included women and children Mr. Kenyatta said more than 150 were wounded. Government officials said the wounded ranged in age from 2 to 78.
By Saturday night Kenyan commandos had cornered several of the assailants on the third floor of the mall witnesses said. Western officials said they expected that the assailants would fight to the death though the Kenyan news media reported that one wounded gunman had been captured and died in a hospital. Several witnesses also said one of the assailants was a woman.
Throughout the day as the police cleared sections of the mall terrified shoppers emerged with their hands up and collapsed in each other s arms.
Early Sunday the government said that the mall s upper levels had been secured and the gunmen contained in one place but that hostages remained in several locations.
Witnesses described attackers using AK 47 and G 3 assault rifles and throwing grenades.
Vivian Atieno 26 who works on the first floor of the mall described intense shooting starting around 11 a.m. before she escaped through a fire exit.
Jeffrey Gettleman reported from Nairobi and Nicholas Kulish from Goma Democratic Republic of Congo. Reporting was contributed by Reuben Kyama and Tyler Hicks from Nairobi Jodi Rudoren from Jerusalem Mark Mazzetti from Washington and Mohamed Ibrahim from Mogadishu Somalia.
This article has been revised to reflect the following correction
Correction September 21 2013
Because of an editing error an earlier version of this article misspelled the given name of the president of Kenya. He is Uhuru Kenyatta not Uruhu.
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